pip install XXX总是报错，例如：Exception: Traceback (most recent call last):这种错误怎么办？

本文介绍: 作为刚接触python来说，装那些库总是费了不少的劲，比如 pip install XXX 总是出错，其实是网速的问题，只要使用 python –m pip install —upgrade pip 这个命令就可以了

首先，欢迎你能点进这篇博客！（如果你想直接看解决方法的话，请直接看5；如果你想知道为什么报错+解决方法的话，请看4、5；如果你不嫌弃我废话的话，就全看了叭！）

本人完全是python小菜鸡，要不是因为这学期开了数据分析和python的课，我是完全没有自觉性去学习 python的
这不，因为基本不咋懂python库啥的，所以一开始被虐的很惨，也是上网找了很多才解决，真的很闹心！

言归正传，因为我遇到了这样的问题：就是我第一次想使用 pip install 命令的时候，总是报错，比如 pip install i python吧（其他应该也是一样的）

Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_vendorurllib3response.py", line 302, in _error_catcher
    yield
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_vendorurllib3response.py", line 384, in read
    data = self._fp.read(amt)
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_vendorcachecontrolfilewrapper.py", line 60, in read
    data = self.__fp.read(amt)
  File "D:python3.7libhttpclient.py", line 447, in read
    n = self.readinto(b)
  File "D:python3.7libhttpclient.py", line 491, in readinto
    n = self.fp.readinto(b)
  File "D:python3.7libsocket.py", line 589, in readinto
    return self._sock.recv_into(b)
  File "D:python3.7libssl.py", line 1049, in recv_into
    return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
  File "D:python3.7libssl.py", line 908, in read
    return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
socket.timeout: The read operation timed out

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internalbasecommand.py", line 228, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internalcommandsinstall.py", line 291, in run
    resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internalresolve.py", line 103, in resolve
    self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req)
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internalresolve.py", line 257, in _resolve_one
    abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internalresolve.py", line 210, in _get_abstract_dist_for
    self.require_hashes
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internaloperationsprepare.py", line 310, in prepare_linked_requirement
    progress_bar=self.progress_bar
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internaldownload.py", line 837, in unpack_url
    progress_bar=progress_bar
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internaldownload.py", line 674, in unpack_http_url
    progress_bar)
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internaldownload.py", line 898, in _download_http_url
    _download_url(resp, link, content_file, hashes, progress_bar)
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internaldownload.py", line 618, in _download_url
    hashes.check_against_chunks(downloaded_chunks)
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internalutilshashes.py", line 48, in check_against_chunks
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internaldownload.py", line 586, in written_chunks
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internalutilsui.py", line 159, in iter
    for x in it:
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_internaldownload.py", line 575, in resp_read
    decode_content=False):
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_vendorurllib3response.py", line 436, in stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_vendorurllib3response.py", line 401, in read
    raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
  File "D:python3.7libcontextlib.py", line 130, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "D:python3.7libsite-packagespip_vendorurllib3response.py", line 307, in _error_catcher
    raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, 'Read timed out.')
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.
You are using pip version 10.0.1, however version 22.0.4 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

试了很多方法都不成功，就算使用它给出的提示（如下代码块中所示），也没什么 luan用，还是报上面那样的错，就很让人窝火！

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

所以这是为什么呢？跟python，pip啥的都没关系，其实主要原因是网速不好。因为python的服务器是在国外，而在国内要连接国外的的服务器肯定很慢（你从官网download的时候就应该感觉的到了），这时候的解决办法肯定就是就近原则了喽，那就选择国内的服务器。国内的服务器，如下图所示（我看尚硅谷的视频才知道的，下图也是从视频里截的，如果你们想看，链接在这儿），比如阿里云、中国科技大学等等
芜湖，直接解决办法！比如我还是下载ipython这个包（这个包比较小，你可以作为测试之用，先下来看看能不能Successfully，之后再尝试下其他比较大的包；这里我使用上图豆瓣那个，就是说比较好记）
```
pip install ipython -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/
```
然后就神了，你会看到下载的幅度飞快，随便截一段，就是网速慢如我，也就几秒钟的事了
恭喜你又解决了一个问题！