【Ubuntu】Ubuntu arm64 部署 Blazor Server 应用

部署步骤

1. 发布
2. 安装运行环境：dotnet-sdk（必装）、aspnetcore-runtime、dotnet-runtime
3. 安装证书
4. 设置环境变量：临时变量、当前用户永久变量、所有用户的永久变量
5. 运行：终端运行、后台运行
   

基本情况

开发系统环境

• 系统：Windows 10 专业版 22H2 19045.3693
• 开发软件IDE：Microsoft Visual Studio Community 2022 (64 位) – Current 版本 17.6.5
• 项目框架：Blazor Server 应用
• 目标框架：.NET 6.0
• 系统架构：x64
  

发布系统环境

• 系统：Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS focal
• 架构：arm64

系统信息

lsb_release -a

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS
Release: 20.04
Codename: focal

查看架构

sudo dpkg  --print-architecture

arm64

二、部署

2.1 准备部署文件

2.1.1 发布

• 配置: Release
• 目标框架(F): net6.0
• 部署模式(M): 框架依赖
• 目标运行时(U): 可移植
  

2.1.2 打包文件 – 压缩zip

如：RSS_NCD_MINI_BlazorServer.zip

2.1.3 将打包文件从Windows拷贝到Ubuntu系统

推荐将文件放在/home/<用户&gt;/<新建公司名/产品名&gt;/<项目名>目录下
如：/home/signway/rsszy/webapp3/

2.1.4 释放文件 – 解压zip

1. 打开Ubuntu终端
2. 跳转到RSS_NCD_MINI_BlazorServer.zip所在目录

cd /home/signway/rsszy/webapp3/

3. 使用unzip指令解压RSS_NCD_MINI_BlazorServer.zip文件

unzip RSS_NCD_MINI_BlazorServer.zip

Archive:  RSS_NCD_MINI_BlazorServer.zip
  inflating: Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocols.OpenIdConnect.dll  
  inflating: Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.dll  
  inflating: RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.deps.json  
  inflating: RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.dll  
  inflating: RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.exe  
  inflating: RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.pdb  
  inflating: RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.runtimeconfig.json  
  inflating: System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt.dll  
  inflating: web.config              
   creating: wwwroot/
   creating: wwwroot/css/
   creating: wwwroot/css/bootstrap/
  inflating: wwwroot/css/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.css  
  inflating: wwwroot/css/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.css.map  
   creating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/
   creating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/font/
   creating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/font/css/
  inflating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/font/css/open-iconic-bootstrap.min.css  
   creating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/font/fonts/
  inflating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/font/fonts/open-iconic.eot  
  inflating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/font/fonts/open-iconic.otf  
  inflating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/font/fonts/open-iconic.svg  
  inflating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/font/fonts/open-iconic.ttf  
  inflating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/font/fonts/open-iconic.woff  
  inflating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/FONT-LICENSE  
  inflating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/ICON-LICENSE  
  inflating: wwwroot/css/open-iconic/README.md  
  inflating: wwwroot/css/site.css    
  inflating: wwwroot/favicon.ico     
  inflating: wwwroot/RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.styles.css  
  inflating: appsettings.Development.json  
  inflating: appsettings.json        
  inflating: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer.dll  
  inflating: Microsoft.IdentityModel.JsonWebTokens.dll  
  inflating: Microsoft.IdentityModel.Logging.dll  
  inflating: Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocols.dll 

2.2 安装框架

2.2.1 下载框架

.NET 6.0下载地址

• dotnet-runtime-6.0.25-linux-arm64.tar.gz
  

• dotnet-sdk-6.0.417-linux-arm64.tar.gz

• aspnetcore-runtime-6.0.25-linux-arm64.tar.gz
  

注意： 必须安装SDK,才能使用dotnet指令运行程序。

2.2.2 安装dotnet–sdk

1. 将下载的文件拷贝到Ubuntu系统目录
   推荐将文件放在/home/<用户>/<功能>/<框架名>目录下
   如：/home/signway/install/dotnet/
2. 打开终端跳转到文件目录

cd /home/signway/install/dotnet/

3. 安装dotnet-sdk、dotnet-runtime 、aspnetcore-runtime

mkdir -p $HOME/dotnet && tar zxf dotnet-sdk-6.0.417-linux-arm64.tar.gz -C $HOME/dotnet
mkdir -p $HOME/dotnet && tar zxf dotnet-runtime-6.0.25-linux-arm64.tar.gz -C $HOME/dotnet
mkdir -p $HOME/dotnet && tar zxf aspnetcore-runtime-6.0.25-linux-arm64.tar.gz -C $HOME/dotnet
export DOTNET_ROOT=$HOME/dotnet
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/dotnet

上述指令只会在运行它的终端生效。
你可以编辑shell配置文件以永久添加命令。Linux有几个不同的shell，每个shell都有不同的配置文件。例如：

• Bash Shell: ~/.bash_profile 或 ~/.bashrc
• Korn Shell: ~/.kshrc 或 .profile
• Z Shell: ~/.zshrc 或 .zprofile

编辑shell的相应源文件，并在现有PATH语句的末尾添加：$HOME/dotnet。如果没有包含PATH语句，则添加一个新行，export DOTNET_ROOT=$HOME/dotnet。同时将export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/dotnet添加到文件末尾。

# ...
export DOTNET_ROOT=$HOME/dotnet
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/dotnet

2.3 安装证书

2.3.1 安装证书

dotnet dev-certs https --trust
dotnet dev-certs https -t

signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ dotnet dev-certs https --trust


 
 

A valid HTTPS certificate is already present.

2.3.2 未安装会出现什么情况？

The command could not be loaded, possibly because:
  * You intended to execute a .NET application:
      The application 'dev-certs' does not exist.
  * You intended to execute a .NET SDK command:
      No .NET SDKs were found.

Download a .NET SDK:
https://aka.ms/dotnet-download

Learn about SDK resolution:
https://aka.ms/dotnet/sdk-not-found

Unable to configure HTTPS endpoint. No server certificate was specified, and the default developer certificate could not be found or is out of date.

Unhandled exception. System.InvalidOperationException: Unable to configure HTTPS endpoint. No server certificate was specified, and the default developer certificate could not be found or is out of date.
To generate a developer certificate run 'dotnet dev-certs https'. To trust the certificate (Windows and macOS only) run 'dotnet dev-certs https --trust'.
For more information on configuring HTTPS see https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=848054.
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.KestrelConfigurationLoader.Reload()
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.KestrelConfigurationLoader.Load()
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServerImpl.BindAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServerImpl.StartAsync[TContext](IHttpApplication`1 application, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.GenericWebHostService.StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.Internal.Host.StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.HostingAbstractionsHostExtensions.RunAsync(IHost host, CancellationToken token)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.HostingAbstractionsHostExtensions.RunAsync(IHost host, CancellationToken token)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.HostingAbstractionsHostExtensions.Run(IHost host)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.WebApplication.Run(String url)
   at Program.<Main>$(String[] args) in E:SVNRCSoft1RSS_NCD(MINI)RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServerRSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServerAPIProgram.cs:line 85
已放弃 (核心已转储)

2.4 添加环境变量

2.4.1 临时运行

每次打开终端运行以下命令来设置临时变量

export DOTNET_ROOT=$HOME/dotnet
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/dotnet

2.4.2 永久添加 – 当前登录用户

1. 打开 ~/.bashrc文件

vi  ~/.bashrc

# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples

# If not running interactively, don't do anything
case $- in
    *i*) ;;
      *) return;;
esac

# don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history.
# See bash(1) for more options
HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth

# append to the history file, don't overwrite it
shopt -s histappend

# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
HISTSIZE=1000
HISTFILESIZE=2000

# check the window size after each command and, if necessary,
# update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.
shopt -s checkwinsize

# If set, the pattern "**" used in a pathname expansion context will
# match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
#shopt -s globstar

# make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)
[ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval "$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)"

# set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)
if [ -z "${debian_chroot:-}" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then
    debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)
fi

# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we "want" color)
case "$TERM" in
    xterm-color|*-256color) color_prompt=yes;;
esac

# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned
# off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window
# should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt
#force_color_prompt=yes

if [ -n "$force_color_prompt" ]; then
    if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then
        # We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48
        # (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such
        # a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)
        color_prompt=yes
    else
        color_prompt=
    fi
fi

if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}[33[01;32m]u@h[33[00m]:[33[01;34m]w[33[00m]$ '
else
    PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}u@h:w$ '
fi
unset color_prompt force_color_prompt

# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
case "$TERM" in
xterm*|rxvt*)
    PS1="[e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}u@h: wa]$PS1"
    ;;
*)
    ;;

esac

# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
    test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"
    alias ls='ls --color=auto'
    #alias dir='dir --color=auto'
    #alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'

    alias grep='grep --color=auto'
    alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
    alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
fi

# colored GCC warnings and errors
#export GCC_COLORS='error=01;31:warning=01;35:note=01;36:caret=01;32:locus=01:quote=01'

# some more ls aliases
alias ll='ls -alF'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'

# Add an "alert" alias for long running commands.  Use like so:
#   sleep 10; alert
alias alert='notify-send --urgency=low -i "$([ $? = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)" "$(history|tail -n1|sed -e '''s/^s*[0-9]+s*//;s/[;&|]s*alert$//''')"'

# Alias definitions.
# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.

if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
    . ~/.bash_aliases
fi

# enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable
# this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile
# sources /etc/bash.bashrc).
if ! shopt -oq posix; then
  if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
    . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
  elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then
    . /etc/bash_completion
  fi
fi


export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/dotnet
export DOTNET_ROOT=$HOME/dotnet

2. 设置环境变量

按I键，退出命令模式进入编辑模式， ~/.bashrc文件末尾添加以下内容设置环境变量。

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/dotnet
export DOTNET_ROOT=$HOME/dotnet

3. 保存退出

按Esc键，退出编辑模式进入命令模式，输入以下指令保存。

:wq!

2.4.3 永久添加 – 所有用户

1. 打开 /etc/profile文件

sudo vim /etc/profile

# /etc/profile: system-wide .profile file for the Bourne shell (sh(1))
# and Bourne compatible shells (bash(1), ksh(1), ash(1), ...).

if [ "${PS1-}" ]; then
  if [ "${BASH-}" ] && [ "$BASH" != "/bin/sh" ]; then
    # The file bash.bashrc already sets the default PS1.
    # PS1='h:w$ '
    if [ -f /etc/bash.bashrc ]; then
      . /etc/bash.bashrc
    fi
  else
    if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ]; then
      PS1='# '
    else
      PS1='$ '
    fi
  fi
fi

if [ -d /etc/profile.d ]; then
  for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
    if [ -r $i ]; then
      . $i
    fi
  done
  unset i
fi

2. 设置环境变量

按I键，退出命令模式进入编辑模式， ~/.bashrc文件末尾添加以下内容设置环境变量。

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/dotnet
export DOTNET_ROOT=$HOME/dotnet

3. 保存退出

按Esc键，退出编辑模式进入命令模式，输入以下指令保存。

:wq!

4. 重新加载

执行以下指令生效

source /etc/profile

2.4.4 查看设置的环境变量

1 只看PATH变量

echo $PATH

/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/snap/bin:/home/signway/dotnet

2 查看所有环境变量

env

SHELL=/bin/bash
SESSION_MANAGER=local/RK3588:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/20779,unix/RK3588:/tmp/.ICE-unix/20779
QT_ACCESSIBILITY=1
COLORTERM=truecolor
XDG_MENU_PREFIX=gnome-
GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID=this-is-deprecated
GNOME_KEYRING_CONTROL=/home/signway/.cache/keyring-ZRVEE2
DOTNET_ROOT=/home/signway/dotnet
SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/home/signway/.cache/keyring-ZRVEE2/ssh
XMODIFIERS=@im=ibus
SSH_AGENT_PID=20915
GTK_MODULES=gail:atk-bridge
PWD=/home/signway
LOGNAME=signway
XDG_SESSION_TYPE=x11
GPG_AGENT_INFO=/run/user/1000/gnupg/S.gpg-agent:0:1
PULSE_SCRIPT=/etc/xrdp/pulse/default.pa
HOME=/home/signway
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
LS_COLORS=rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=00:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.zst=01;31:*.tzst=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.wim=01;31:*.swm=01;31:*.dwm=01;31:*.esd=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mjpg=01;35:*.mjpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.m4a=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.opus=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36:
XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=GNOME
VTE_VERSION=6003
XRDP_SOCKET_PATH=/run/xrdp/sockdir
XRDP_PULSE_SOURCE_SOCKET=xrdp_chansrv_audio_in_socket_10
GNOME_TERMINAL_SCREEN=/org/gnome/Terminal/screen/af8cf72d_9406_4502_87df_7737e813f8a2
LESSCLOSE=/bin/lesspipe %s %s
XDG_SESSION_CLASS=user
TERM=xterm-256color
LESSOPEN=| /bin/lesspipe %s
USER=signway
GNOME_TERMINAL_SERVICE=:1.393
XRDP_SESSION=1
DISPLAY=:10.0
XRDP_PULSE_SINK_SOCKET=xrdp_chansrv_audio_out_socket_10
SHLVL=1
QT_IM_MODULE=ibus
XDG_DATA_DIRS=/usr/share/gnome:/usr/local/share:/usr/share:/var/lib/snapd/desktop
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/snap/bin:/home/signway/dotnet
DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-LY2CUzKESO,guid=88d0510cbc94cdf2015ed92765542918
UID=1000
_=/bin/env

2.5 运行

**注意：一定要到根目录下运行，不要使用全路径，不然一些资源加载不了导致页面显示不正常**

2.5.1 临时变量运行程序

export DOTNET_ROOT=$HOME/dotnet
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/dotnet
cd /home/signway/rsszy/webapp2/
dotnet 'RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.dll'

2.5.2 永久变量运行程序

cd /home/signway/rsszy/webapp2/
dotnet 'RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.dll'

signway@RK3588:~$ cd /home/signway/rsszy/webapp2/
signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ 
signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ dotnet 'RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.dll'
info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[14]
      Now listening on: http://[::]:9002
info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[14]
      Now listening on: https://[::]:9003
info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
      Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
      Hosting environment: Production
info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]
      Content root path: /home/signway/rsszy/webapp2/

2.5.3 永久变量静默运行（后台运行）

cd /home/signway/rsszy/webapp2/
nohup dotnet 'RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.dll' > /dev/null 2>&1 &

signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ cd /home/signway/rsszy/webapp2/
signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ 
signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ nohup dotnet 'RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.dll' > /dev/null 2>&1 &
[1] 70286
signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ 

2.5.4 查看后台运行

ps aux | grep <运行程序名称>

ps aux | grep BlazorServer

signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ ps aux | grep BlazorServer
signway    70286  0.6  2.2 24527624 90396 pts/2  Sl   17:59   0:01 dotnet RSS_NCD(MINI)_BlazorServer.dll
signway    70327  0.0  0.0  11664   664 pts/2    S+   18:03   0:00 grep --color=auto BlazorServer

2.5.5 终止运行程序

kill <PID>

kill 70286

signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ kill 70286
signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ 

2.5.6 强制终止运行程序

kill -9 <PID>

kill -9 70286

signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ kill -9 70336
signway@RK3588:~/rsszy/webapp2$ 

代码007普通

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