linux 系统下四种nginx安装方法

本文介绍: linux 系统下四种nginx 安装方法1、背景2 linux 的四种安装方式3 安装步骤3.1 yum 安装1、背景Ngin x是一款轻量级的We b 服务器、反向代理服务器，由于它的内存占用少，启动极快，高并发能力强，在互联网项目中广泛应用。本文介绍三种基于 linux 环境下的安装 nginx的方法，安装版本为现阶段官网推出的最新稳定版本。环境说明软件项目版本操作系统Cent os7.9nginx1.20.2docker20.10.92 linux 的四种安装方

Ngin x是一款轻量级的We b 服务器、反向代理服务器，由于它的内存占用少，启动极快，高并发能力强，在互联网项目中广泛应用。本文介绍三种基于 linux 环境下的安装nginx的方法，安装版本为现阶段官网推出的最新稳定版本。
环境说明

软件项目	版本
操作系统	Cent os7.9
nginx	1.20.2
docker	20.10.9

其中yum、源码安装、docker安装依赖互联网接入，r pm 可以离线安装。

安装之前查看端口，默认 nginx 使用的80端口，如果80端口已经占用启动过程中可能会报错,针对端口占用情况，可以停止占用端口的服务或者nginx改用其他端口启动，停用和改端口方法不再本文介绍。参考《Centos7防火墙设置》

netstat -nltp | grep 80

ngin x 添加 yum re pro库中

 # 下载nginx包
 wget https://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

请添加图片描述

 # 建立nginx的yum仓库
 rpm -ivh nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

yum info nginx

yum --showduplicates list nginx | expand

yum install nginx

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake make

yum -y install pcre pcre-devel

yum -y install zlib zlib-devel make libtool

yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

groupadd nginx
useradd nginx -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M

wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz

tar -zxvf nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.20.2
# 检查平台安装环境
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --user=nginx --group=nginx

make			# 编译
make install  		# 安装

user nginx nginx;

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

ps -ef | grep nginx

curl IP

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V

vi /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

[Unit]
Description=nginx 
After=network.target 
   
[Service] 
Type=forking 
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx quit
PrivateTmp=true 
   
[Install] 
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl enable nginx.service

systemctl status nginx

wget https://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/x86_64/RPMS/nginx-1.20.2-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh nginx-1.20.2-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm

groupadd nginx
useradd nginx -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M

chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/log/logrotate.d/nginx
chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/nginx
chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/nginx/conf.d
chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/config.d/default.conf
chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/nginx/mime.types
chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/nginx/modules
chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/nginx/scgi_params
chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx-debug.service
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/lib64/nginx
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/lib64/nginx/modules
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx/check-reload
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx/upgrade
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/sbin/nginx
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/sbin/nginx-debug
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.20.1
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.20.1/COPYRIGHT
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx/html
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
chown -R nginx:nginx /var/cache/nginx
chown -R nginx:nginx /var/log/nginx

systemctl start nginix

curl IP

# 查看nginx安装文件
rpm -qa | grep nginx
nginx-1.20.2-1.el7.ngx.x86_64
# 卸载nginx安装文件
 rpm -e nginx-1.20.2-1.el7.ngx.x86_64

# 获取nginx镜像
docker pull nginx:1.21.6
# 查看镜像
docker images
运行nginx
docker run --name nginx -p 80:80 -d nginx

curl IP

systemctl start nginx

systemctl stop nginx

systemctl restart nginx

systemctl reload nginx

systemctl enable nginx

systemctl disable nginx

nginx -V

目录	说明
/etc/nginx/	所有相关配置文件目录
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf	nginx主配置文件
/etc/nginx/conf.d/	独立的nginx服务配置文件目录
/var/log/nginx/	nginx日志文件目录
/var/log/nginx/access.log	访问日志(IP/浏览器信息/处理时间/请求URL)
/var/log/nginx/error.log	错误日志(服务器和请求处理中的错误信息)
/usr/share/nginx/html	默认的站点位置，可以根据实际情况进行设置调整