字典类型操作、jieba库使用及文本词频统计

本文介绍: 理解“映射”映射是一种键(索引)和值(数据)的对应字典类型是“映射”的体现键值对：键是数据索引的扩展字典是键值对的集合，键值对之间无序采用大括号{}和dict()创建，键值对用冒号: 表示{:，:}可以通过键拿到值我们在之前的的集合中说声明一个空集合要使用 set()，而不是直接用{}这是因为，如果使用{}默认为集合。

理解“映射”

映射是一种键(索引)和值(数据)的对应

字典类型是“映射”的体现

键值对：键是数据索引的扩展

字典是键值对的集合，键值对之间无序

采用大括号{}和dic t()创建，键值对用冒号: 表示

# 定义空字典d
d={}
# 向d新增2个键值对元素
d[0]=1
d[1]=2
# 修改第2个元素
d[1]=3
# 判断字符"c"是否是d的键
"c" in d
# 计算d的长度
len(d)
# 清空d
d.clear()

import jieba
txt = open("threekingdoms.txt", "r", encoding='utf-8').read()
words  = jieba.lcut(txt)
counts = {}
for word in words:
    if len(word) == 1:
        continue
    else:
        counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(15):
    word, count = items[i]
    print ("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))

import jieba
excludes = {"将军","却说","荆州","二人","不可","不能","如此"}
txt = open("threekingdoms.txt", "r", encoding='utf-8').read()
words  = jieba.lcut(txt)
counts = {}
for word in words:
    if len(word) == 1:
        continue
    elif word == "诸葛亮" or word == "孔明曰":
        rword = "孔明"
    elif word == "关公" or word == "云长":
        rword = "关羽"
    elif word == "玄德" or word == "玄德曰":
        rword = "刘备"
    elif word == "孟德" or word == "丞相":
        rword = "曹操"
    else:
        rword = word
    counts[rword] = counts.get(rword,0) + 1
for word in excludes:
    del counts[word]
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(10):
    word, count = items[i]