Python ❀ 使用代码实现API接口调用详解

本文介绍: 本文主要讲解常用API接口如何使用python实现。：Application Programming Interface，是的缩写，意思是一些预设好的函数或方法，这些预设好的函数或方法允许第三方程序通过网络来调用数据或提供基于数据的服务。

本文主要讲解常用API接口如何使用python实现。
API：Application Programming Interface，是应用程序开发接口的缩写，意思是一些预设好的函数或方法，这些预设好的函数或方法允许第三方程序通过网络来调用数据或提供基于数据的服务。

Python运行环境：python3.10.2 + PyCharm

使用pip install requests安装此代码包，pip安装教程

BurpSuite安装教程，参考1.2章节设置http协议代理为127.0.0.1，端口8080，完成后开启Intercept劫持功能
在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

import requests

# URL
host = 'www.testcode.com'
port = '9201'
url = 'http://' + host + ':' + port

# 配置Burp截取配置
proxies = {'http':'http://127.0.0.1:8080'}

# 发送请求
reponse = requests.get(url=url, proxies=proxies)

print(reponse.text)

将此请求放入重放或者点击代理的forwafd转发即可看到其具体响应内容。

import requests

host = 'www.testcode.com'
port = '9201'
url = 'http://' + host + ':' + port

# 构造参数
params = {
    'username' : 'test',
    'passwd' : 'aaabbbccc1234567890'
}

proxies = {'http':'http://127.0.0.1:8080'}

reponse = requests.get(url=url, proxies=proxies, params=params)

print(reponse.text)

执行结果：在这里插入图片描述
像这种/username=test&passwd=aaabbbccc1234567890的参数格式称之为 urlencoded 格式，主要是以键值对key=value和拼接字符&组合成http请求参数。

import requests

host = 'www.testcode.com'
port = '9201'
url = 'http://' + host + ':' + port

params = {
    'username' : 'test',
    'passwd' : 'aaabbbccc1234567890'
}

# 构造头部字段，注意大小写！
headers = {
    'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36',
    'Referer' : 'www.aaa.bbb.ccc.com'
}

proxies = {'http':'http://127.0.0.1:8080'}

reponse = requests.get(url=url, proxies=proxies, params=params, headers=headers)

print(reponse.text)

import requests

host = 'www.testcode.com'
port = '9201'
url = 'http://' + host + ':' + port

params = {
    'username' : 'test',
    'passwd' : 'aaabbbccc1234567890'
}

headers = {
    'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36',
    'Referer' : 'www.aaa.bbb.ccc.com'
}

# 设置payload
payload = '''
<!--  Edited by XMLSpy®  -->
<note>
<to>Tove</to>
<from>Jani</from>
<heading>Reminder</heading>
<body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>
</note>
'''

proxies = {'http':'http://127.0.0.1:8080'}

# 修改类型为POST，设置payload对象编码为UTF-8(中文编码)
reponse = requests.post(url=url, proxies=proxies, params=params, headers=headers, data=payload.encode('utf-8'))

print(reponse.text)

import requests

host = 'www.testcode.com'
port = '9201'
url = 'http://' + host + ':' + port

params = {
    'username' : 'test',
    'passwd' : 'aaabbbccc1234567890'
}

headers = {
    'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36',
    'Referer' : 'www.aaa.bbb.ccc.com'
}

payload = {
    'key1' : 'value1',
    'key2' : 'value2'
}

proxies = {'http':'http://127.0.0.1:8080'}

reponse = requests.post(url=url, proxies=proxies, params=params, headers=headers, data=payload)

print(reponse.text)

import json
import requests

host = 'www.testcode.com'
port = '9201'
url = 'http://' + host + ':' + port

params = {
    'username' : 'test',
    'passwd' : 'aaabbbccc1234567890'
}

headers = {
    'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36',
    'Referer' : 'www.aaa.bbb.ccc.com'
}

payload = {
    'key1' : 'value1',
    'key2' : {
        'key3' : 'value3',
        'key4' : {
            'key5' : '测试'
        }
    }
}

proxies = {'http':'http://127.0.0.1:8080'}

# payload数据使用json.dumps转化为str，ensure_ascii=False代表关闭非ASCII字符转义
# 若不关闭非ASCII字符转义，则"测试"回显为转义后的ASCII字符"u6d4bu8bd5"，两者意思一致
reponse = requests.post(url=url, proxies=proxies, params=params, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(payload, ensure_ascii=False).encode())

print(reponse.text)